The gram (g) is a metric unit of mass in the International System of Units (SI). It is defined as one one-thousandth of a kilogram (kg), where 1 g = 0.001 kg.
The gram was first defined in the late 18th century, established by the French Academy of Sciences in 1795. It was originally based on the mass of one cubic centimeter of water at its maximum density. The gram became part of the metric system, which aimed for a universal standard of measurement.
The gram is widely used in various fields, including cooking, nutrition, science, and engineering. It is especially common in countries using the metric system for everyday measurements. In the pharmaceutical industry, gram measurements are critical for accurate dosing.